Carburetor



Dec. 11, 1934. pI VAUGHAN 1,984,327

CARBURETOR Filed Sept. 17, 1950 @51g abme/mw Patented Dec. 11, 1934UNITED STAT CARBURTOR Henry P. Vaughan, Detroit,

Mich., assgnor 'to Detroit In'xbricator` Company, Detroit, Mich., acorporation .ol'Michiganl Y c Application september 17,1930, .serial No;482,411

'z-loxa'ims. (onzer-51) My invention relates to new and usefulimprovements in carburetors for internal combustion engines. v 1

In carburetor operation, fuel supplied to the air stream from a jet offixed orifice provides-a mixture which when of proper proportions .fornormal running conditions, istoo lean orpoor in fuel to obtain maximumengine speed or full load engine operation. It is therefore an object ofmy invention to provide. a carburetorin which the ratio of fuel to airis increasedforfull load and high l speed engine operation.

Another object is to control the additional supply of `fuel inaccordancewith the position of the mixture flow control kmeans orthrottleso asl tobring in the additional fuel'supplyat vthe proper point inthe engineoperation. The invention consists :inthe .improved .construction andcombination of parts, tobe .more fully described hereinafter, andtheznovelty of which will be particularly; pointedout and "distinctlyclaimed. i v l In thefaccompanying drawinggto v,be taken as agpart ofthis specification, I have fullyand clearly illustrated a-carburetorembodying my invention, and in `whichdrawingl-f'v ,Y L

Figure 1 is a view in vertical centralsection ofA so much ofa'carburetor asis Inecessarylto show 4my invention; l o

Fig. 2 is a detail sectionalviewof 'a rnodilclate4 tion Aofthe-carburetor of Fig. 1, and v Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view ofYanother modification. T

Referring to the drawing by characters'of reference, 1 designatesgenerally a icarburetoricasingV comprising a baseorbottom member .2hav.-r ing a constant level fuel reservoir orfloat chamber 3 and a mainair-inlet 4', which rare'separated by aopartition or Wall member 5havinga: fuel Well or reservoir 6 therein.` Seated'onthe member 2 is avvhollowthrottle'body member '7 having a lateral extension or cover member whichoverlies and closes kthe reservoirs 3 and 6. Secured withinthe hollowmember 7 and depending therefrom into'the air inlet 4, is vla. Venturitube 9 forming the lower end of .the car.- buretor mixing chamber 10.Extending-from the wall 5 into the air inlet 4 is a boss llfhaving `avertical bore `12therethrough substantially concentric ;With the tube 9and; closed at its bottom end by a plug 13. Between thebore 12 andreservoir 3 is av substantially horizontal conduit or passageway 14which isbelow thernormal liquid fuel level in reservoir 3, .designatedby line Ir-L.

Inuthe bcssll isa conduit or passageway 'connecting the bore k.1'2`andthe-.mel `fvrell6 .lat its lower end. .Inthe bore`1'2between'fpassageways 14. and `15 is a,v plug 16V carrying-ay tubevcomprisingia qmainfnozzle v17 whichlextends upward spaced-from thewallrof the bore '-12fand which terminates in ithe rthroat 'of I thetube 9 yabove the fnormaliiquid level. 'Through-@the plug `16 isacalibrated lportzll l'forming `the main'fuel jet, andlwhichfeeds the`nozzle y1'?. Surrounding the :nozzle .17an'd Lterminating in the'Venturi throat-is artube orzsleeve comprising ia supplemental nozzle19-providing`` an'y annular discharge passage,V and which is 1 threaded:at its 1 lower` end into thetop end of ifthenbore 12. lAdjacent thebaseof the V.sleeve orfnozzle L19 are airlinlet aperltures i or lbleeds-20 which supply air .-at. substantially atmospheric vpressure to theinterior ofrnozzle 19` below the normal liquidfuel level. At thelowerend` of the-well `Glabovethe pas-y sageway 1K5 l. is a i plug iorrp'artition member 21 having laivalve port`22 therethrough and serv`ing as I theffbottom wall of the well l 6. Beneath the member 2161sa-'vrecess` or valvelchamber23 from which'the-passageway k'15 opens.Innthe chamber 23 is'aivalve member 24 whiohfseats upwardly against theplug 21 to close portf22 and which lis normally urged toward closed`positionlbyla coil springbr `the likey -25 positioned betweeni thememberl 24 and rthe` bottom wallr of f chamber 2.3. In thewall-"S belowthe'normalliquid level, iisanaperture `26V `.which-opens from reservoir3 intowell.flIn-the--aperture 2'6 isla plug` 27 having a calibrated boref 28 .for vcontrollingifuelx flow ffrom reservoir 3to1wel1l 6.:Atmospheric pressureis .maintained rover :the fuel in reservoir 3by'anv aperture 29 in coverimember 8 and.:in wellr6 by a port30in-wall,5 opening into :reservoir '13 `above :the `liquidlevelltherein. Through the cover v'member 8. jin :line f with1 the'valveport-22 4is a `guide -aper'tureul :through which :extends apusherod-orvalve operating member `32 which. is of=reducedxcrosssectionat its lower endfasat33. Theiend-33 which-is of. lessijdiameter thanport 22,1. extends intofport 22 and into engagement with valve member24: and provides `anfrannular,fuelrflow `'space therearound.throughport-22. ,Journaledrin thefmember 7 and'projectingy outward'through Ythe-walls thereof above tube 9; isathrottlershaftll rotatable'by' any suitable `means and having'fixedthereon a throttle valveorplate=35 toicontrol the` dischargefrom the mixing rchamber 10.' AOne ofthei proj ecting' ends of shaft 34 extends"substantially 'directly overthe .guideway 31 andhas fixed thereon: a or :the like L36 for engage--ment with the end of rod 32 to depress the rod upon predeterminedopening movement of the throttle valve. The cam 36 is provided with aset screw 37 so that the cam may be adjusted about the shaft 34 toregulate the point in the throttle opening movement at which rod 32 willbe actuated to open valve 24.

In Figs. 2 and 3 are shown modifications of the application of the airinlet 20 to the auxiliary fuel nozzle 19. In Fig. 2 an air inlet passageor bleed 38 is provided in boss 11 in line with passageway 15 andopening from bore 12 to the air inlet 4. In Fig. 3, an air inlet passageor bleed 39 opens from passageway 15 intermediate its ends and upwardlythrough wall to the atmosphere. Each of the passages 38 and 39 ispreferably provided with a plug 40 having a calibrated bore 41 toregulate the inlet of air.

The operation of my carburetor is as follows: During normal operation ofthe carburetor correspondingto levelroad car speeds, the cam 36 will nothave been 4rotated sufliciently to depress rod 32 and open valve 24.Thus, the fuel willonly be supplied to the mixing chamber throughthemain 4jet .18 and the nozzle 17.- However, when the throttle 35 isopened to provide for high speedsor power demands, the cam 36 will berotated farenough to depressrod 32 and open valve 24 against the forceof spring 25. Fuelwhich is in the well 6 will now flow by gravity aswellas by difference of air pressures in thelegs 6 and 19 to the bleeds 20where the air entering nozzle 19 from inlet 4 will emulsify the fuelbefore discharge thereof into the mixing chamber.` When the well 6 hasbeen emptied, fuel entering` from the port 28 and air from port willform an emulsion which will continue to flow to the nozzle 19 to enrichthe mixture in the chamber 10 as long as the valve 24 is held open. Itis to be noted that when the throttle is rst moved far enough open toopen valve 24, that the supplemental discharge of fuel will be greaterin quantity per unit of time than will4 occur after the well 6 hasbeenemptied, which operation I have found to be desirable.

'I'he operation of the modifications shown in Figs. 2 and 3 will beapparent from the foregoing description ofthe operation of thecarburetor shown in Fig. 1.

What I claim and desireto'secure by Letters Patent of the United Statesis:,-

1. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a casing having amixing chamber, a throttle valve to control ilow from said chamber, anair'inlet to said chamber, ak fuel nozzle discharge tube positioned insaid inlet and discharging upwardly into said chamber, a second nozzletube positioned in said air inlet and discharging into said chamber, afuel well, means to supply air to said well, a valve chamber beneathsaid well and substantially concentric therewith, a partition betweensaid well and valve chamber and having a valve port, a passagewayconnecting said valve chamber and said second-named nozzle tube, a valvein said valve chamber cooperable with said port, means to supply fuel tosaid well, and throttle operated means to open said last-named valve.

2. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a casing having amixing chamber with a main air inlet, a main fuel nozzle discharginginto said mixing chamber, a fuel supply conduit opening directly intosaid main nozzle, a l normally inactive supplemental. fuel .nozzleoperable to discharge fuel directly into said mixing chamber, said mainair inlet being common to said main and said supplemental nozzles, anatmospheric fuel well, a fuel supply conduit leading from said well tosaid supplemental nozzle and being the sole means for supplying fuel tosaid supplemental nozzle, a valve in said conduit, an air inlet operableto supply air to said supplemental nozzle below the normal fuel leveland on the outlet side of said valve, said valve normally cutting offthe supply of fuel to said supplemental nozzle whereby said supplementalnozzle discharges air alone into said mixing chamber, a throttle valvehaving a shaft, and means operable by said shaft to open saidsupplemental fuel valve to supply fuel to said supplemental rnozzlewhereby said supplemental nozzlev will discharge an emulsion of air fromsaidsecond-named air inlet and fuel from said conduit into said mixingchamber.

3. A kcarburetor of the character described, comprising a casing havinga mixing chamber with a main ail` inlet, a main fuelnozzle discharginginto said mixing chamber, a fuel reservoir means to supply fuel directlyfrom said reservoir to said main nozzle, a knormally inactivesupplemental fuel` nozzle operable to discharge fuel directly into saidmixing chamber, a fuel supply conduit leading to and being the solemeans for supplying fuel to said supplemental nozzle, an atmosphericfuel well supplying said conduit, a plug having a calibrated portconnecting said reservoir and said well, a valve in said conduit, an airinlet openingfrom said main air inlet and operable to supply air to saidsupplemetal nozzle below the normal fuel level and on the outlet side ofsaid Valve, said valve normally cutting off the supply of fuel to saidsupplemental nozzle whereby said supplemental nozzle discharges airalone into said mixing chamber, a throttle valve having a shaft, andmeans operable by said shaft to open said valve to supply fuel to saidsupplemental nozzle whereby said supplemental nozzle Will discharge anemulsion of air from said second-named air inlet and fuel from saidconduit into said mixing chamber. 4 Y

4. A. carburetor of the character described, comprising a casing havinga mixing kchamber with a main air inlet, a tubular nozzle extending intosaid mixing chamber, a fuel reservoir, a conduit directly connectingsaid reservoir and said nozzle, a normally inactive supplemental tubularnozzle surrounding said rst-named nozzle, a fuel wellextending above thenormal fuel levelv and open to atmosphere, means to supply fuel fromsaid reservoir to said Well, a conduit connecting said well and saidsupplemental nozzle and being the sole means `for supplying fuel to saidsupplementary nozzle, a valve normally closing said second-named conduitwhereby to prevent discharge of fuel to form said supplemental nozzle,and means continuously supplying air through said supplemental nozzleinto said mixing chamber whereby upon opening said valve saidsupplemental nozzle will discharge an emulsion of air and fuel into saidmixing chamber.

5.A carburetor of the character described, comprising a casing having ahollow throttle body member and a base member supporting said throttlebodymember, said base member having an air inlet and a fuel reservoir, apartition separating said inlet and said reservoir, a fuel well insaidvp'artition, a fuelnozzle in said air inlet and discharging intosaid throttle body member, a conduit connecting said reservoir and saidnozzle, said throttle body member having a lateral extension closing thetop of said well and said reservoir, means to supply air to saidreservoir above the normal liquid level, means to supply air from saidreservoir to said well above the normal liquid level in vsaid well, asupplemental fuel nozzle discharging into said throttle body member, aconduit from said well to said supplemental nozzle, and a valvecontrolling communication between said well and said secondnamedconduit.

6. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a casing having ahollow throttle body member and a base member supporting said throttlebody member, said base member having an air inlet and a fuel reservoir,a partition separating said inlet and said reservoir, a fuel well insaid partition, a fuel nozzle in said air inlet and discharging intosaid throttle body member, a conduit connecting said reservoir and saidnozzle, said throttle body member having a lateral extension closing thetop of said well and said reservoir, means to supply air to saidreservoir above the normal liquid level, means to supply air from saidreservoir to said Well above thefnormal liquid level in said well, asupplemental fuel nozzle discharging into said throttle body member, aconduit opening at one end through the bottom wall of said well andconnected at its other end to said supplemental nozzle, a valvecontrolling communication between said well and said second-namedconduit, a reciprocable rod extending through and guided in saidextension, said rod engaging said valve, and means to move said rod toopen said valve.

7. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a casing having ahollow throttle body member and a base member supporting said throttlebody member, said base member i having an air inlet and a fuelreservoir, a partition separating said inlet and said reservoir, a fuelwell in said partition, a fuel nozzle in said air inlet and discharginginto said throttle body member, a conduit connecting said reservoir andsaid nozzle, cover means for said well and for said reservoir, meanstosupply air to said reservoir above the normal liquid level, means tosupply air from said reservoir to said well above the normal liquidlevel in said well, a supplemental fuel nozzle discharging into saidthrottle body member, a conduit from said well to said supplementalnozzle, and a valve consaid second-named conduit.

HENRY P. VAUGHAN.

